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ELECTRICITY_3

ELECTRIC ENERGY PRODUCTION

 

 You can find the transcription at the end of the page. When ready, go and take the test in the following link:

Energy production

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TRANSCRIPTION

0:04
here's a question for you how many
0:07
people does it take to turn on a light
0:10
bulb the answer seems simple just walk
0:13
into a dark room flip a switch and
0:15
instantly you can see right well the
0:19
truth is there's a lot more to
0:21
generating and delivering electrical
0:23
power than you've probably imagined hi
0:26
I'm Lee Patrick Sullivan with energy now
0:28
and this energy 101 video explains the
0:31
system used to generate electricity and
0:34
it also explains what it really takes to
0:37
turn on a light bulb in order to
0:40
understand energy we first need to start
0:42
at the source literally mother nature
0:45
provides the natural resource we use to
0:47
generate power from natural gas to coal
0:50
ocean tides to mountain winds the energy
0:54
we need to create electricity must first
0:56
be mined harnessed or collected from the
0:59
earth some of these resources are finite
1:02
including fossil fuels like coal oil but
1:06
others are unlimited like solar or wind
1:09
power but a lump of coal or a strong
1:13
breeze alone won't create the power that
1:16
turns on your light for every energy
1:19
source a chemical or mechanical
1:21
processes required to turn it into
1:23
usable electricity every day researchers
1:27
work to find innovative ways to use our
1:29
limited resources process raw materials
1:33
harness renewables more efficiently and
1:35
find entirely new energy sources today
1:40
the majority of america's electricity
1:42
comes from thermal power plants fuels
1:45
like coal natural gas biomass and
1:48
uranium are used to heat water until it
1:51
produces steam which powers a turbine
1:54
and generates electricity that steam
1:57
turns propeller like blades around a
1:59
rotor inside the turbine this turning
2:02
rotor connects to a main shaft which
2:05
spins magnets with a coil inside a
2:07
generator it's the generator inside a
2:10
turbine that converts mechanical energy
2:13
in
2:14
electric energy and creates electricity
2:17
steam is an efficient method of
2:19
producing electricity because the water
2:21
can be recycled and reused as it changes
2:24
back and forth between liquid and
2:26
gaseous States transporting electricity
2:30
from the power plant to your home is an
2:32
entirely different process current
2:35
technology cannot cost-effectively store
2:37
large amounts of electricity so
2:40
significant challenges exist when it
2:42
comes to transferring that electricity
2:44
across long distances just enough
2:48
electricity has to be generated to meet
2:50
demand at all times and be transmitted
2:52
through power lines to reach your light
2:54
switch too much or too little power can
2:57
crash the transmission system and cause
3:00
a blackout that's why a complex mix of
3:03
logistics management and infrastructure
3:05
is needed to transmit electricity from
3:07
power generators to consumers enter the
3:11
electricity grid also known as simply
3:14
the grid the North American electricity
3:17
grid is actually made of four large grid
3:20
systems the Western grid the eastern
3:23
grid the Texas grid and a grid covering
3:27
the Canadian province of Quebec these
3:30
independent regional networks of power
3:32
plants and transmission lines carry
3:34
electric energy at high voltage within
3:36
their area to local utilities there are
3:40
very limited links between the four
3:42
grids which means electricity generated
3:44
from a wind turbine in West Texas cannot
3:47
reach an apartment building in New York
3:49
City added for electricity to move
3:51
through one of the four grids its
3:53
voltage must first be increased by a
3:55
device called a transformer then the
3:59
electricity can travel long distances
4:01
across high voltage transmission lines
4:03
these high voltage lines are generally
4:06
strung between giant metal towers they
4:09
stretch for miles from power plants to
4:11
local substations in each neighborhood
4:13
you've probably seen substations along
4:16
the side of the road and wonder what
4:17
they do well their job is stepping down
4:21
electric voltages from levels as high as
4:23
seven hundred and sixty five thousand
4:26
volts close
4:27
to the hundred and ten volts you use in
4:29
your home the electricity from the power
4:31
line on your street passes through
4:33
another transformer which steps down the
4:36
voltage once more and then it travels
4:39
along the line into your house from
4:42
there the electricity enters your
4:44
breaker box and it is then distributed
4:46
to light sockets and outlets all you
4:50
have to do is flip a switch so as you
4:53
can see from the raw materials to the
4:56
power lines on your street there's so
4:58
much more to the electricity ecosystem
5:01
than meets the eye
5:14
you

 

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